Cybersecurity focuses on the various methods and techniques used to protect information and data systems. It is a field of study that combines technical and business skills such as data recovery, database applications, and systems administration to preserve the integrity of data and information systems.
If you are interested in computers or information technology and wish to specialize in this field, a Cyber Security program is the best option for you. Read on for more information about the course, possible career paths, and specializations.
Essentially, Cyber Security is all about protecting networks, electronic systems, data, servers and information systems from malicious attacks. It is a multidisciplinary program that is categorized under Applied Information Technology degrees. Although the term cybersecurity applies to various contexts, it mainly refers to several categories which include:
Students cover multiple topics from various disciplines, including criminal psychology, policy analysis, digital forensics, programming, among others, to obtain comprehensive perceptions of IT security. You’ll be taught how to monitor networks, systems or data and mitigate threats or attacks
Generally, Cyber Security courses are provided by universities as general degree programs under applied information and technology degrees. Additionally, while it may seem very different, cyber security is a branch of computer science and in most universities will be offered under Information technology or IT related courses. Find the best universities for a Cyber Security degree here.
Applicants should have a strong background in mathematics and statistics to qualify for a Cyber Security degree program. Some university programs may require a basic understanding of information technology, computer science, programming, computer forensics, ethics, business, criminal justice, psychology, and management. However, most of these will be covered within the course.
Typically, the course modules or curriculum used in Cyber Security degree programs are similar to those used in a Computer Science degree program. It involves database applications, statistics, and foundation in programming. Additionally, you can enter into this field with a degree from a related field such as computer engineering, computer science or mathematics.
Not sure which program or specialization is suitable for you? Read on for all the necessary information about Cyber Security degree programs and specializations.
Generally, these programs begin with an introduction to basic programming, database applications, and statistics. Later in the program, students delve deeper into more advanced topics such as cryptography, artificial intelligence, and ethical hacking. Below are more topics that you’ll most likely cover:
Below are some of the specializations:
Ethical hacking or penetration testing
In this program, you will learn how to test information systems and identify security vulnerabilities by simulating cyber-attacks and how to use social engineering to pinpoint weaknesses.
Cryptography or cryptanalysis
This program focuses on the foundation of modern cryptography and its practical applications. Here you’ll learn all about the development of security systems, algorithms for encrypting sensitive data and ciphers.
Computer forensics
This program will cover the processes involved in analyzing and investigating computer systems, networks, among other storage devices for proof. Additionally, you’ll learn how to rebuild compromised systems through reverse engineering and how to tackle legal cases.
Usability security
This program focuses on designing and building secure systems while considering the end-user. It will cover human-computer interaction and the development of secure systems that cater to human performance and meet their objectives within a system.
Software security
This course will explore the foundations of software security and significant software vulnerabilities and attacks. You’ll also learn how to prevent or mitigate attacks as well as testing and program analysis techniques and more.
Hardware security
This program studies the potential vulnerabilities present in digital system design flows and the physical attacks on these systems. Here, students learn about security measures for hardware designs, skills, and tools to build secure hardware.
Professionals in this field can venture into a variety of Cyber Security related careers across multiple Information Technology (IT) industries. Some of these fields include:
1. Information Security Manager
Information security managers are responsible for securing networks, computers, and data against malicious malware, security breaches or hacking. They identify weaknesses in a system and assess security measures to ensure there are no areas susceptible to vulnerabilities.
2. IT Security Consultant
IT security consultants are responsible for evaluating computer systems, software, and networks for vulnerabilities. They then design and execute suitable security solutions.
3. Information Assurance Engineer
These professionals are responsible for managing the storage and processing of information within an organization to ensure it is secure. They detect potential risks, conduct a periodic risk assessment and evaluate data practices to reduce potential data breaches.
4. Information Security Specialist
Information security specialists oversee the development and implementation of security measures. They assess existing security measures and recommend necessary changes to improve the efficiency of the security measures.
5. Forensic Computer Analyst
Forensic computer analysts investigate data breaches, criminal activity, and security cases. They are responsible for retrieving and assessing data associated with a range of illegal activities such as hacking, online fraud, espionage, theft, terrorist communication, among others.
6. Information Security Analyst
An information security analyst is responsible for implementing security measures to ensure sensitive data is secure. They assess data and make recommendations to inhibit attacks. Additionally, they develop, implement, and ensure adherence to policies to ensure maximum protection of data.
7. Security Systems Administrator
Security systems administrators provide advice on internal security procedures and assist in the detection of weaknesses that make a system liable to cyber-attacks. They monitor and oversee the operations of security systems as well as run regular backups, maintain individual user account and developing organizational security procedures.
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