{"id":41973,"date":"2024-01-30T08:51:20","date_gmt":"2024-01-30T08:51:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/?p=41973"},"modified":"2026-05-01T00:01:02","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T00:01:02","slug":"%d8%ae%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b5-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%a3%d9%85%d8%ab%d9%84%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/%d8%ae%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b5-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%a3%d9%85%d8%ab%d9%84%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b5%d8%ba%d8%b1\/\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. .<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629: 1\u060c 2\u060c 3\u060c &#8230;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629: -3\u060c -2\u060c -1\u060c 0\u060c 1\u060c 2\u060c 3\u060c &#8230;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629: 0.1\u060c 0.2\u060c 0.3\u060c &#8230;\u060c 1.0\u060c 1.1\u060c 1.2\u060c &#8230;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 3\u060c &#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%ad-%d9%85%d9%81%d8%b5%d9%84-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d9%88%d8%ad%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%8a\/\">\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 a \u0648 b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 a + b \u0648 a &#8211; b \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 a \u0648 b (\u062d\u064a\u062b b \u2260 0)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 ab \u0648 a\/b \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a a \u0648 b \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 a &gt; b\u060c \u0623\u0648 a = b\u060c \u0623\u0648 a &lt; b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0623\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a M \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a M)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a x\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 |x| \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 x \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629) \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621:<\/strong>\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627<strong>\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/%d9%83%d9%85-%d8%b5%d9%81%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%a3%d9%85%d8%ab%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\">\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a<\/a><\/strong>\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:\u00a0\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a0\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 1 \u0647\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627<strong>\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<li>\u0627<strong>\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<li>\u0627<strong>\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639:\u00a0<\/strong>\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>2 + 3 = 3 + 2<\/li>\n<li>2 * 3 = 3 * 2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639:\n<ol>\n<li>(a + b) = (b + a)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628:\n<ol>\n<li>(a * b) = (b * a)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>a \u0648 b\u00a0 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>(2 + 3) + 4 = 2 + (3 + 4)<\/li>\n<li>(2 * 3) * 4 = 2 * (3 * 4)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639:\n<ol>\n<li>(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>(a + b + c) = a + (b + c) + a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 . \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 2 \u0648 3 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 3 \u0648 2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 2 \u0648 3 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 4 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 2 \u0648 4 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 3.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627 :<\/p>\n<p>(a * (b + c)) = (a * b) + (a * c)<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<p>(2 * (3 + 4)) = (2 * 3) + (2 * 4)<\/p>\n<p>= 6 + 8<\/p>\n<p>= 14<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621:<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/strong>: .<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/strong>: .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/p>\n<p>(5 * (2 + 3 + 4)) = (5 * 2) + (5 * 3) + (5 * 4)<\/p>\n<p>= 10 + 15 + 20<\/p>\n<p>= 45<\/p>\n<p>(-2 * (3 &#8211; 4)) = (-2 * 3) + (-2 * -4)<\/p>\n<p>= -6 + 8<\/p>\n<p>= 2<\/p>\n<p>(-3 * (-2 + 1)) = (-3 * -2) + (-3 * 1)<\/p>\n<p>= 6 &#8211; 3<\/p>\n<p>= 3<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2 \u0647\u0648 1\/2\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 a^-1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>(a * a^-1) = 1<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u064a\u062b a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633. \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (0 \u00d7 x = 1)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (x \u00d7 x = 1).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a 1 \u0648-1. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1 \u00d7 1 = 1<\/li>\n<li>(-1) \u00d7 (-1) = 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a 1 \u0623\u0648 -1\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"1:1-1:57\"><strong>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"3:1-3:10\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol data-sourcepos=\"5:1-16:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"5:1-8:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"5:4-5:24\"><strong>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"7:4-7:12\">3 + 5 = 8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"9:1-12:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"9:4-9:30\"><strong>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0633\u0631\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"11:4-11:16\">3 + 2.5 = 5.5<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"13:1-16:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"13:4-13:24\"><strong>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"15:4-15:20\">2.5 + 1.75 = 4.25<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"17:1-17:10\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol data-sourcepos=\"19:1-30:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"19:1-22:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"19:4-19:32\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"21:4-21:12\">5 &#8211; 3 = 2<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"23:1-26:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"23:4-23:32\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"25:4-25:16\">5 &#8211; 2.5 = 2.5<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"27:1-30:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"27:4-27:24\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"29:4-29:20\">2.5 &#8211; 1.75 = 0.75<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"31:1-31:10\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol data-sourcepos=\"33:1-44:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"33:1-36:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"33:4-33:24\"><strong>\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"35:4-35:13\">3 * 5 = 15<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"37:1-40:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"37:4-37:30\"><strong>\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0633\u0631\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"39:4-39:16\">3 * 2.5 = 7.5<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"41:1-44:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"41:4-41:24\"><strong>\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"43:4-43:21\">2.5 * 1.75 = 4.375<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"45:1-45:11\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"47:1-50:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"47:1-47:89\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"48:1-48:77\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"49:1-50:0\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a0\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"51:1-51:17\"><strong>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"53:1-64:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"53:1-56:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"53:3-53:25\"><strong>\u062c\u0645\u0639 3 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"55:4-55:26\">(2 + 3.5 + 1.25) = 6.75<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"57:1-60:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"57:3-57:25\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u062d 3 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"59:4-59:26\">(5 &#8211; 2.5 &#8211; 1.75) = 0.75<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"61:1-64:0\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"61:3-61:25\"><strong>\u0636\u0631\u0628 3 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"63:4-63:26\">(2 * 3.5 * 1.25) = 8.75<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"1:1-1:90\">\u00a0\u0633\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"3:1-3:11\"><strong>1. \u062c\u0645\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"5:1-9:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"5:1-5:11\">2 + 3 = 5<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"6:1-6:17\">5.5 + 2.3 = 7.8<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"7:1-7:12\">-2 + 4 = 2<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"8:1-9:0\">-1.5 + 0.7 = -0.8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"10:1-10:11\"><strong>2. \u0637\u0631\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"12:1-16:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"12:1-12:11\">5 &#8211; 2 = 3<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"13:1-13:17\">7.8 &#8211; 2.3 = 5.5<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"14:1-14:14\">4 &#8211; (-2) = 6<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"15:1-16:0\">0.7 &#8211; (-1.5) = 2.2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"17:1-17:11\"><strong>3. \u0636\u0631\u0628:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"19:1-23:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"19:1-19:11\">2 * 3 = 6<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"20:1-20:19\">5.5 * 2.3 = 12.65<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"21:1-21:13\">-2 * 4 = -8<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"22:1-23:0\">-1.5 * 0.7 = -1.05<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"24:1-24:11\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"26:1-29:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"26:1-26:99\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"27:1-27:64\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"28:1-29:0\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"30:1-30:17\"><strong>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"32:1-36:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"32:1-32:25\">3.14 + (-2.718) = 0.422<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"33:1-33:13\">5 \/ 2 = 2.5<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"34:1-34:16\">-3 * (-4) = 12<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"35:1-36:0\">0.5 ^ 2 = 0.25<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-sourcepos=\"1:1-1:19\">\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628<\/h2>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"3:1-3:118\"><strong>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"5:1-5:17\"><strong>1. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"7:1-10:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"7:1-7:75\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"8:1-8:45\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"9:1-10:0\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"11:1-11:22\"><strong>2. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"13:1-19:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"13:1-19:0\">\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:\n<ol data-sourcepos=\"14:5-19:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"14:5-14:27\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"15:5-15:20\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"16:5-16:17\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"17:5-17:12\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u062e.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"18:5-19:0\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"20:1-20:22\"><strong>3. \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"22:1-25:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"22:1-22:42\">\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"23:1-23:29\">\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"24:1-25:0\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"26:1-26:20\"><strong>4. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"28:1-31:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"28:1-28:43\">\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"29:1-29:30\">\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"30:1-31:0\">\u064a\u064f\u0634\u062c\u0651\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"32:1-32:28\"><strong>5. \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"34:1-37:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"34:1-34:51\">\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"35:1-35:43\">\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"36:1-37:0\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2. \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 R. \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. . \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":42290,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-440"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629-\u0645\u0639-\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0625\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-30T08:51:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-01T00:01:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta 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