{"id":42088,"date":"2024-02-11T17:15:11","date_gmt":"2024-02-11T17:15:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/?p=42088"},"modified":"2026-04-01T00:01:01","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T00:01:01","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"#1\">\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"#2\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"1\">\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/h3>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%89-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%85%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9%d8%9f\/\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1139 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1727 \u0645. \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ba%d9%86\/\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633:<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1727 \u0645: \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641: \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1744 \u0645: \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>1765 \u0645: \u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n<li>1788 \u0645: \u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1800 \u0645: \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u062c \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>4. \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1818 \u0645: \u0634\u0646\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n<li>1818 \u0645: \u0633\u0642\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n<li>1819 \u0645: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5<a href=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%b8%d8%a9-%d8%b5%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%85%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af\/\">. \u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0647\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>6. \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1744 \u0645: \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0628\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>1788 \u0645: \u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li>1792 \u0645: \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>1803 \u0645: \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>1818 \u0645: \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>7. \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>8. \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u062c\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>9. \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>10. \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>11. \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022 \u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0645 22 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>12. \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627:<\/strong> \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1240 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1824 \u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>1830 \u0645: \u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>1838 \u0645: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>1865 \u0645: \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>1891 \u0645: \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627:<\/strong> \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1319 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1902 \u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>1902 \u0645: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n<li>1913 \u0645: \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>1921 \u0645: \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>1926 \u0645: \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>1932 \u0645: \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-hover table-striped\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1824 &#8211; 1891<\/td>\n<td>1902 &#8211; 1932<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5. \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u062c\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>6. \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062f&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>7. \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>8. \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: 1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a: \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1139 \u0647\u0640 \/ 1727 \u0645. \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627. 2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633: \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":42262,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42088","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-80","category-234"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 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\/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: 1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a: \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0625\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-02-11T17:15:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-01T00:01:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.edarabia.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/establishing-the-first-second-and-third-saudi-states.jpg\" 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